Granulocytosis syndrome is a rare but well-recognised haematological abnormality that develops in cancer patients. Although several mechanisms responsible for this morbidity have been proposed in patients with neoplasms, recent studies have revealed that the production of granulocytosis-stimulating factors is the major cause of this paraneoplastic syndrome. Recent developments in haematology have revealed that there are at least four types of cytokines responsible for this condition: granulocyte (G)-colony-stimulating factor (CSF), granulocyte macrophage (GM) CSF macrophage (M) CSF, and multi-CSF (IL-3).
In a small number of cancer patients with granulocytosis syndrome, G-CSF, GM-CSF and M-CSF have been shown to be the cause.
